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Striped
Skunk. |
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Skunks, of the family Mephitdae,
have an appearance almost as memorable as their
characteristic foul odor. Their bold, black and white fur
serves as a warning: "come any closer and you will get
sprayed." Originally thought to be members of the weasel
family, skunks have recently been given their own
evolutionary branch, due primarily to some major differences
found within their genetics. There are 11 species of skunk
around the world; 4 of which live in North America, with
only one species inhabiting New York State.
Skunk Spray, a chemical called N-butlymercaptan,
is a volatile mix of sulfur-containing compounds. The skunk
produces and stores these chemicals in a pair of glands on
the lateral sides of its anus. It stores enough for roughly
5 sprays, and it will need more than a week to produce more.
The spray can reach almost 15 ft with impressive accuracy.
The victim will not only succumb to the smell, but may also
xperience temporary eye irritation or blindness. It is an
effective defense that keeps all but a few sneaky predators
away.
The skunk does not have to spray at every
encounter, nor does it want to. Since it takes so long to
replenish its supply of spray, it uses a few tactics as warning
prior to letting loose. The skunk's bold black and white fur
pattern is unmistakable. And if the appearance doesn't make
the threat turn back, the skunk will raise its fur and tail
(to appear larger), hiss and stomp its feet. If the threat
still does not go away, the skunk will assume the spraying
posture: it will form a U-shape with its body, its tail
lifted up, head and rear facing toward the threat, and
spray. The spray will stick to fur and saturate the air
immediately around the vicinity. Skunk spray can last for
days to months depending on the amount.
Surprisingly, skunks will not spray other
skunks; possibly because it may be ineffective on each
other. When these usually solitary animals fight (usually
over a mate or a den), they do it with tooth and claw.
Domestic dogs are very susceptible to skunk
sprays. Being curious and playful, they tend to ignore the
warnings and move in for a closer "sniff." Domestic cats, on
the other hand, have been known to get along well with
skunks and can often be seen feeding together.
In some parts of the world skunks are kept as
pets. They are very docile and pleasant animals. Owners
typically have the scent glands removed. |
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What to do... |
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Getting rid of Skunk spray has always
been a challenge. There are many myths as to what to use.
Oddly enough, many of home remedies overlap with what folks
say will remove bubblegum stuck in hair. Removing
all traces of the spray is a challenge. Luckily, chemists
have identified the chemical make-up of the spray and
identified specific chemicals to neutralize the odorous
ones. There are two dependable ways of getting rid of skunk
odor:
The Old-Fashioned Way
- Shampoo repeatedly (preferably with a
citrus-scented shampoo)
- Use an odor neutralizer (such as
Febreze or baking soda)
- Ventilate with fresh air
The Hi-tech way
- Run to a pet store and purchase a
skunk spray remover such as Skunk-Off
or
Natures Miracle Skunk Remover . These products are
formulated to break down or neutralize the compounds
in skunk spray. Use as directed.
- Use an odor neutralizer (such as
Febreze or baking soda)
- Ventilate with fresh air
Make your own odor
neutralizer. In a pinch, this formula will work
well against skunk spray. Mix immediately before use
and do not store. Be careful using this around the
eyes.
- 2 tablespoons shampoo
(preferably citrus)
- 1 cup baking soda
- 1 bottle of hydrogen
peroxide.
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Skunk stink stuff |
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Skunk books |
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The details on New York State's only Skunk |
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Striped
Skunk
Mephitis mephitis


Click images for enlargements and
license information
More photos |
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AKA:
Skunk, Polecat (incorrectly)
Identifying characteristics: About the size of a
domestic cat, they have black fur with a bold white
stripe that runs from the top of the head and splits into
two stripes at the shoulders. The stripes continue down the
sides of the back and tail. The fluffy tail is bi-colored,
with a black stripe running down
the top and black fur underneath. A small white stripe runs down the face from the forehead to just past the
eyes. Their heads, eyes, and ears are small; snouts are
pointed and legs short. The front toes have large claws for
digging.
Size: About 23 to 32 inches in length (including
their 7 to 12 inch tail), weighing
an average of 7 pounds.
Habitat: Open areas adjacent to woodland, grassland
or crops. Often near water. Dens are built in shallow
burrows, hollow logs, under buildings, decks or wood piles.
They will make use of abandoned burrows when possible.
Food: Omnivorous. Primarily insects, but also rodents
and other small mammals, birds and bird eggs, crustaceans,
fruits, nuts, plant material and carrion. They often attack
bee and ant nests.
Vocalization: Hissing.
Predators: Most predators are deterred by the skunk's
bold colors and funky smell, but
Great-Horned Owls and
Red-Tail Hawks regularly prey on the skunk. Both species have
a poorly developed sense of smell. Many skunks are killed by
automobile traffic, possibly due to the skunk's poor eyesight.
Reproduction: A skunk's litter size averages 5, with 1
litter per year. Mating season is from February through
March.
Other Info.: Skunks are nocturnal, often
emerging from their dens around dusk to forage for food.
Although primarily solitary, a single male may winter with
several females. Skunks do not hibernate, but will severely
reduce their activity during winter. |
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Distribution

Found throughout the state
Status:
Common.

Tracks

Look for five clawed toes on each print. Elongated back
prints and the front foot's claws are longer than the hind
ones. |
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